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Struma ovariiA teratoma is a type of tumorthat derives from pluripotentgerm cells. The word comes from a Greekterm meaning roughly "monster tumor". Teratomas (more correctly teratomata) usually start from cells in the testesin men, the ovariesin women and in the sacrumin children. Teratomata involve cells from all three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. They can be benign or malignant. Teratomata often contain well-differentiated cells which can result in tissues growing in a teratoma which are quite different from the surrounding tissue—ovarian teratomata have been known to grow hairand teeth. Such a benign cystic teratoma is often termed a dermoid cyst, nowadays more correctly termed a mature teratoma. Some teratomata may contain a mixture of well-differentiated, mature tissues as: respiratory epithelium, hair follicle, fat tissue or mature nervous tissue. Immature teratomata of the ovary have a malignant potential in line with the amount of neuroblastic tissue present. Testicular teratomata are generally less well-differentiated, and have a worse prognosis (chances of recovery are not as high). Some teratomata secrete the "pregnancy hormone" human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG), which can be used in clinical practice to follow-up successful treatment or relapse in patients with a known HCG-secreting teratoma. It is not recommended as a diagnostic marker. Some teratomata secrete thyroxine, in some cases to such a degree that it can lead to clinical hyperthyroidismin the patient. Struma ovariiStruma ovarii (literally: goiter of the ovary) is a rare specialized type of teratoma present in the ovarythat contains benign thyroidtissue. To be classified as a struma ovarii, thyroid tissue must be the predominant histology. Malignant transformation of struma ovarii is rare, occurring in only 5% of cases. External links
ko:??? it:Teratoma pl:Potworniak Categories: Obstetrics| Gynecology| Oncology| Types of cancer
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