Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever
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Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever (VHF) is a zoonotic human illness, first identified in 1989, causing fever and malaise followed by hemorrhagic manifestations and convulsions."Venezuelan hemorrhagic fever : Clinical and epidemiological studies of 165 cases". Clinical infectious diseases, 1998, (26:2), pp. 308-313 It is fatal in 30% of cases. The disease is endemic to Portuguesa state and Barinas state in Venezuela . The causal agent, Guanarito virus, is spread to humans through contact with the excreta of two rodent species: the short-tailed cane mouse (Zygodontomys brevicauda), and the cotton rat (Sigmodon alstoni). Human-to-human transmission of the virus has not been observed.Guanarito virus is a member of the Arenavirus genus of negative single-stranded RNA viruses, and is closely related to a number of other rodent-borne emerging viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in South America.Arenavirus Fact Sheet, Centers for Disease Control.
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